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TABLE OF CONTENTS |
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VOLUME II |
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Foreword by F. C. Blodi, M. D |
xiii |
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PART ONE: THE MIDDLE AGES |
xv |
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CHAPTER I: ARABIAN OPHTHALMOLOGY |
xv |
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Preface by M. Z. Wafai, M. D |
1 |
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Introduction |
11 |
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(§ 261) |
General remarks |
12 |
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(§ 262) |
Remarks on Arabian culture and history |
13 |
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(§ 263) |
General remarks on Arabian medicine |
16 |
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List of printed Arabian textbooks of medicine |
17 |
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Translations |
21 |
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The barbaric Latin translations |
21 |
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(§ 264) |
Special aspects of Arabian medicine |
26 |
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AI-Ràzi, Al-Tabari, 'Ali Ibn Al-'Abbàs, Ibn Sina (Avi-cenna), Al-Isrà'ili, Abù Al-Qàsîm, Ibn Zuhr, Ibn Rushd(Avenzoar) |
27 |
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Textbooks of general medicine |
29 |
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The history of Arabian ophthalmology (Usaybi'ah) |
29 |
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(§ 265) |
Arabian ophthalmology; general remarks; the Greek (and other) sources of the Arabian authors |
33 |
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The technical terms of Arabian ophthalmology |
38 |
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(§ 266) |
The Arabian textbooks of ophthalmology |
39 |
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The position of the Arabian ophthalmologist |
40 |
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Survey of the Arabian literature on ophthalmology |
42 |
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(§ 267) |
The oldest Arabic textbooks on ophthalmology |
45 |
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I. Books of the physician guilds |
45 |
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1.The lists of ophthalmologists |
45 |
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2.The new list of ophthalmologists for King Vhast |
46 |
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II.The first scientific Arabic textbooks of ophthalmology by physicians |
46 |
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3. Hunayn's (Johannitius) ten books about the eye |
46 |
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4. Hunayn's book in the form of questions and answers |
47 |
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5. Hubaysh's book about the popularization of knowledge on ocular diseases |
49 |
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6. Thàbit Ibn Quarrah's book about vision and perceiving |
49 |
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III. The oldest Arabic textbooks of ophthalmology written by ophthalmologists |
51 |
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7. Khalaf AI-Tulùni's book about the final objectives |
52 |
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8. Tabari's book on the therapy of eye diseases |
52 |
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IV. The most important textbook of ophthalmology from Iraq |
53 |
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(§ 268) |
9. The memorandum book for ophthalmologists by 'Ali Ibn 'Isà |
53 |
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(§ 2-69) |
V. The most original Arabian manuscript of ophthalmology from Egypt |
59 |
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10. 'Ammar's book of a selection of eye science |
59 |
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(§ 270) |
VI. The Persian authors |
67 |
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11. Zarrin Dast's (Goldhand) book: Light of the eyes |
67 |
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(§ 27I) |
VII. The Andalusz'an authors |
73 |
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12. Abu Mutarrif's (Abengefit) book on close observations and diseases of the visual sense |
73 |
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13. Anonymous manuscript I, Escorial library |
74 |
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14. Anonymous manuscript II, Escorial library |
76 |
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15. Al-Ghàfigi's compendium |
77 |
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16. Al-Quti's (Alcoati) book about the eyes |
79 |
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17. Abù Bakr Ibn Zuhr |
81 |
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VIII. Undetermined authors |
82 |
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18. Memorandum book |
82 |
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19. Ibn A'yan AI-Basri's the examination of ophthalmologists |
82 |
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20-25. Khalifah's list |
82 |
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(§ 272) |
IX. The late and extensive textbooks of ophthalmology by Khalifah and Salâh Al-Din from Syria |
83 |
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26. Khalifah's book about the sufficient knowledge in ophthalmology |
83 |
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27. Salàh AI-Din's book about the light of the eyes. |
86 |
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(§ 273) |
X. Other late and the latest textbooks of ophthalmology |
88 |
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28. Al-Qaysi's book on the results |
88 |
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29. Ibn Al-Nafîs |
90 |
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30. Qutb Al-Din |
90 |
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31. Shàms Al-Din's discovery |
90 |
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32. Al-Shàdhilî's ophthalmologic support |
93 |
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Review |
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(§ 274) |
The Arabian dogmas of ophthalmology |
99 |
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(§ 275) |
The Arabian monographs on ophthalmology; the Arabian ophthalmologists |
102 |
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(§276) |
The chapters on ophthalmology in the Arabian textbooks of general medicine |
110 |
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1. Al-Ràzi |
110 |
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2. Ibn Serabiyun |
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3. Al-Tabari |
116 |
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4. 'Ali Ibn Al-'Abbàs |
123 |
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5. Ibn Sinà |
124 |
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6. Abù Al-Qàsim |
125 |
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7. and 8. Ibn Zuhr and Ibn Rushd |
128 |
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(§ 277) |
The concepts of Arabian ophthalmology |
129 |
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(§ 278) |
The anatomy of the eye as described by Arabian authors |
153 |
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Illustrations on the anatomy of the eye |
155 |
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Anatomical terminology |
160 |
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Constriction of the pupil with light |
160 |
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Comparative anatomy and physiology of the visual organ |
163 |
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(§ 279) |
Optics and the concept of vision as described by the Arabian authors |
167 |
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The book by Ibn AI-Haitham |
167 |
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The theory on vision |
170 |
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(§ 28o) |
The pathology and treatment of ocular diseases |
173 |
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I. Sabal (pannus) |
173 |
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The operation of a pannus |
176 |
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II. Trachoma |
178 |
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III. Cataract |
180 |
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The location of the cataract |
182 |
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Cataract and hypopyon |
187 |
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IV. Glaucoma |
188 |
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V. Occult ocular diseases |
189 |
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VI. Ocular diseases caused by higher animals |
189 |
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VII. Eye diseases of children |
190 |
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(§281) |
The ocular Pharmacopoeia of the Arabian physicians |
191 |
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(§282) |
Ocular surgery; general remarks |
195 |
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I. Asepsis |
195 |
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II. Anaesthesia |
196 |
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III. Surgical instruments |
199 |
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The cataract operation |
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(§ 284) |
The aspiration of a cataract, a radical operation by Arabian surgeons |
231 |
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(§ 285) |
The ethical Principles of Arabian ophthalmologists |
241 |
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(§ 286) |
Final consideration |
243 |
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CHAPTER II: European Ophthalmology During the Middle-Ages |
245 |
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(§ 287) |
Introduction |
245 |
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(§ 288) |
The monastic medical schools |
245 |
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(§ 289) |
The school of Salerno |
246 |
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(§ 290) |
The school of Montpellier |
248 |
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(§ 291) |
Benevenutus Grapheus |
248 |
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(§ 292) |
Master Zacharias |
254 |
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(§ 293) |
Petrus Hispanicus |
255 |
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(§ 294) |
An anonymous writer. Three works about the hygiene of the eye |
255 |
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(§ 295) |
Summary; the books of ophthalmology and the ophthalmologists of the late Middle Ages |
256 |
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(§ 296) |
The ophthalmology of Guy de Chauliac |
259 |
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CHAPTER III: The History of Spectacles |
263 |
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(§ 297) |
Introductory remarks and refractive errors |
263 |
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(§ 298) |
The introduction of spectacles |
266 |
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(§ 299) |
The inventor of spectacles |
268 |
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(§ 300) |
Roger Bacon (I214-I294), Doctor mirabilis |
272 |
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(§ 301) |
The further history of spectacles |
275 |
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(§ 302) |
Bibliographic annotations |
276 |
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(§ 303) |
Linguistic remarks |
276 |
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PART TWO |
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THE SIXTEENTH AND SEVENTEENTH CENTURIES |
281 |
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(§ 304) |
Introduction |
281 |
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(§ 305) |
CHAPTER I: The Anatomy of the Visual Organ |
284 |
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CHAPTER II: Optics and Physiology of the Visual System |
288 |
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(§ 306) |
Introduction |
288 |
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(§ 307) |
The predecessors (Maurolycus, Plater, Portal) |
288 |
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(§ 308) |
Johannes Kepler |
293 |
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(§ 309) |
Kepler's effect and followers |
299 |
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(§ 310) |
Father Scheiner; the retinal image |
301 |
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(§ 310) |
The blind sport |
303 |
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(§ 312) |
The minimal visual angle and measuring visual acuity |
304 |
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(§ 313) |
The horopter |
305 |
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CHAPTER Ill: Practical Ophthalmology |
308 |
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(§ 314) |
The Practice of ophthalmology |
308 |
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(§ 315) |
Scholarly monographs of ophthalmology (Leonhart, Fuchs, Mercuriale, Plempius) |
308 |
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(§ 316) |
Fabricius ab Aquapedente |
311 |
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(§ 317) |
Ambroise Paré |
313 |
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(§ 318) |
Pierre Franco |
315 |
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(§ 319) |
Jacques Guillemeau |
318 |
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Addendum: |
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Richard Banister |
321 |
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(§ 320) |
Georg Bartisch* |
323 |
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(§ 321) |
Wilhelm Fabry of Hilden |
342 |
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(§ 322) |
Final observations |
345 |
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*See also on this site: |
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George Bartisch OPHTHALMODOULEIA-That is the Service of the Eye |
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First English edition , translated by Donald L. Blanchard |
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