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Hugo Magnus |
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Ophthalmology of the Ancients |
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Part Two |
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§ 198 |
Compress or plaster, |
255 |
§ 199 |
Compress, |
256 |
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Dry steam bath |
256 |
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Wool compress |
256 |
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Bread compress , |
256 |
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Linen compress |
256 |
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Plant compress |
256 |
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Barley-meal compress |
256 |
§ 200 |
Plaster, |
257 |
§ 201 |
Pastile, |
257 |
§ 202 |
Salve, |
257 |
§ 203 |
Eye-lotion, |
258 |
§ 204 |
Eye-powder, |
259 |
§ 205 |
General conditions and indirect medicinal treatment, |
259 |
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Use of water |
259 |
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Protection from light |
260 |
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Conditions during the night |
260 |
§ 206 |
General remarks concerning ophthalmic surgery, |
261 |
§ 207 |
Local ophthalmic surgery, |
261 |
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Lid operations |
261 |
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Conjunctival operations |
262 |
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Comeal operations |
262 |
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Staar operation |
262 |
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Operations on the entire eyeball |
262 |
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Operation for lacrimal fistula |
262 |
§ 208 |
In what season are operations best performed?, |
262 |
§ 209 |
Operation for sebaceous cyst, |
263 |
§ 210 |
Operation for hordeolum, |
263 |
§ 211 |
Operation for chalazion, |
263 |
§ 212 |
Operation for lid abscess, |
263 |
§ 213 |
Operation for symblepharon, |
263 |
§ 214 |
Operations for distichiasis and trichiasis, |
264 |
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Procedure of Papias |
264 |
§ 215 |
Operation for ectropion of the upper lid (lagophthalmos), |
265 |
§ 216 |
Operation for ectropion of the lower lid, |
265 |
§ 217 |
Operation for entropion, |
266 |
§ 218 |
Operation for pterygium, |
266 |
§ 219 |
Operation on the caruncle, |
267 |
§ 220 |
Operation for pinguecula, |
267 |
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§ 221 |
Operative treatment of trachoma, |
267 |
§ 222 |
Operation for staphylome, |
268 |
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Ligature |
268 |
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Cutting away |
269 |
§ 223 |
Operative treatment of corneal spots, |
269 |
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Coloration of corneal spots |
269 |
§ 224 |
First description of the Staar operation, |
270 |
§ 225 |
Enucleation, |
271 |
§ 226 |
Incision of the eyeball for panophthalmitis, |
272 |
§ 227 |
Operation for buphthalmos, |
272 |
§ 228 |
Removal of a purulent eyeball, |
272 |
§ 229 |
Operation for fistula of the lacrimal sac, |
272 |
§ 230 |
Use of mydriatic remedies, |
273 |
§ 231 |
Narcosis and local anesthesia, |
274 |
§ 232 |
Indirect ophthalmic surgery directed on the demands of humorism, |
275 |
§ 233 |
Bleeding, |
276 |
§ 234 |
Cupping, |
276 |
§ 235 |
Incising the scalp, |
276 |
§ 236 |
Burning the scalp, |
277 |
§ 237 |
Physical ophthalmotherapy, |
277 |
§ 238 |
Whether optical devices (grasses, magnifiers) served a therapeutic purpose, |
277 |
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Passage of Pliny |
278 |
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Passage of Theophrastus |
279 |
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Passage of Seneca |
280 |
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Chapter XIII. The status of the eye practitioner of the Alexandrian era up to the end of antiquity |
281 |
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Fourth Period. Ophthalmology from the appearance of Galen until the end of antiquity with the appearance of Paul of Aegina |
289 |
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Bibliography |
289 |
§ 239 |
General characteristics, |
290 |
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Chapter XIV. The anatomy of the eye from the appearance of Galen until the end of antiquity with the appearance of Paul of Aegina |
292 |
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§ 240 |
General characteristics, |
292 |
§ 241 |
Eyebrows, |
293 |
§ 242 |
Eyelids, |
293 |
§ 243 |
Eyelashes, |
296 |
§ 244 |
Orbital cavity, |
296 |
§ 245 |
The tunics of the eyebali, |
296 |
§ 246 |
Conjunctiva, |
297 |
§ 247 |
The sclera with the comea, |
298 |
§ 248 |
The choroid and the iris, |
298 |
§ 249 |
Ciliary body, |
300 |
§ 250 |
Retina, |
303 |
§ 251 |
Anterior lens capsule, |
304 |
§ 252 |
Lens, |
304 |
§ 253 |
Vitreous body, |
306 |
§ 254 |
Aqueous humor, |
307 |
§ 255 |
Inner space of the eyeball. Anterior and posterior chambers, |
308 |
§ 256 |
Optic nerve, |
309 |
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Orbital part of the optic nerve |
310 |
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Chiasm |
312 |
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The part of the optic nerve lying between the chiasm and the brain |
313 |
§ 257 |
Extraocular musculature, |
314 |
§ 258 |
The tear organs, |
315 |
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Tear sac |
316 |
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Lacrimai glands |
316 |
§ 259 |
The oculomotor nerve, |
316 |
§ 260 |
Vessels nourishing the eye, |
317 |
§ 261 |
Development of the eye, |
317 |
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Chapter XV. Physiology of the eye from the appearance of Galen until the end of antiquity with the appearance of Paul of Aegina |
317 |
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§ 262 |
General characteristics, |
317 |
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Scientific speculation |
318 |
§ 263 |
The act of seeing and the theory of light, |
319 |
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The four factors necessary for vision according to Nemesis |
320 |
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Conduct of visual rays emerging from one eye to the fixated object |
321 |
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Conduct of visual rays emerging from both eyes to the object fixated with both eyes . |
322 |
§ 264 |
Central visual acuity, |
325 |
§ 265 |
Peripheral visual acuity respective to the theory of the visual field, |
326 |
§ 266 |
Accommodation, |
327 |
§ 267 |
Pupillary movements, |
327 |
§ 268 |
Oeular movements, |
328 |
§ 269 |
The theory of memory, |
329 |
§ 270 |
The theory of color, |
329 |
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Chapter XVI. Pathology of the eye from the appearance of Galen until the end of antiquity with the appearance of Paul of Aegina |
330 |
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§ 271 |
General ophthalniic pathology and diagnostic in Galenic and post-Galenic times, |
330 |
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Occupation |
331 |
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The person of the individual |
331 |
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Manner of living |
332 |
§ 272 |
Special ophthalnùc diagnosis and pathology, |
333 |
§ 273 |
System of eye diseases, |
334 |
§ 274 |
System of conjunctival diseases, |
337 |
§ 275 |
Irritation of the conjunctiva, |
337 |
§ 276 |
Conjunctival catarrh, |
338 |
§ 277 |
Blennorrheal conditions, |
341 |
§ 278 |
Trachoma, |
342 |
§ 279 |
Chemosis, |
344 |
§ 280 |
Phlectana, |
344 |
§ 281 |
Pterygium, |
345 |
§ 282 |
Wounds and hemorrhages of the conjubctiva, |
346 |
§ 283 |
Neoplasms of the conjunctiva, |
346 |
§ 284 |
Diseases of the lacrimal caruncle, |
347 |
§ 285 |
Y-xXilpo(pOalbiict, @po@OctXli(a, ipo)po(pGa).Iifa, |
348 |
§ 286 |
Diseases of the com@ |
349 |
§ 287 |
Infiltration of the comea, |
349 |
§ 288 |
Inflammation of the comea, |
350 |
§ 289 |
Comeal ulcer, |
350 |
§ 290 |
Comeal scars, |
353 |
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Prolapse of the iris |
354 |
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Treatment of comeal spots and scars |
355 |
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Coloration of comeal spots |
356 |
§ 291 |
Age changes of the comea, |
356 |
§ 292 |
Wounds of the comea, |
357 |
§ 293 |
Afflictions of the iris in the Galenic and Byzantine period, |
357 |
§ 294 |
Inflanunation of the iris, |
357 |
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Cli@cal manifestations of infianunation of the iris |
358 |
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Treatment of inflammation of the iris |
359 |
§ 295 |
Dryness of the iris, |
360 |
§ 296 |
Enlargement of the pupil, |
360 |
§ 297 |
Contraction of the pupil, |
361 |
§ 298 |
Diseases of the lens, |
362 |
§ 299 |
Cloudiness of the pupil of younger persons, |
362 |
§ 300 |
The doctrine of uncomplicated cloudiness of the lens or grey Staar, |
363 |
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§ 301 |
The ancient clinical picture of |
363 |
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Actual glaucoma |
364 |
§ 307 |
Complicated cloudiness of the lens, |
372 |
§ 308 |
Changes in position of the lens, |
372 |
§ 309 |
Disturbances of vision, |
373 |
§ 310 |
Day-blindness and night-blindness, |
374 |
§311 |
Disorders of accommodation, |
376 |
§ 312 |
Anomalies of refraction, |
377 |
§ 313 |
Near-sightedness, |
377 |
§ 314 |
Far-sightedness, |
378 |
§ 315 |
Anomalies of position and movement of the eyeball, |
378 |
§ 316 |
Shrinkage of the eyeball, |
380 |
§ 317 |
Exophthalmos, |
381 |
§ 318 |
Diseases of the tear organs, |
382 |
§ 319 |
Diseases of the lids, |
383 |
§ 320 |
Injuries of the eye, |
388 |
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Injuries of mucous membrane |
388 |
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Injuries of the cornea |
389 |
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Injuries of the iris |
389 |
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Injuries of the optic nerve |
390 |
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Injuries of the extrinsic eye muscles |
390 |
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Complicated injuries |
390 |
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Treatment of eye injuries |
390 |
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Chapter XVII. Treatment of the eye from the appearance of Galen until the end of antiquity with the appearance of Paul of Aegina |
391 |
§ 321 |
General considerations, |
391 |
§ 322 |
Local medicinal treatment, |
392 |
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Quintus Serenus Samonicus |
393 |
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Sextus Philosophus Platonicus |
395 |
§ 323 |
Sympathetic therapy in the post-Galenic period, |
397 |
§ 324 |
Medicinal treatment of humoral changes, |
400 |
§ 325 |
Local surgical treatment in the post-Galenic period, |
400 |
§ 326 |
Removal of sebaceous cysts, sebaceous growths, wens, etc., |
402 |
§ 327 |
Operation for chalazion, |
403 |
§ 328 |
Operation for hordeolum, |
403 |
§ 329 |
Operation for pedunculated lid wart, |
403 |
§ 330 |
Operation for lid abscess, |
404 |
§ 331 |
Operation for symblepharon, |
404 |
§ 332 |
Operative trearment of anomalies in position of the eyelashes, |
404 |
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Sewing above |
404 |
§ 333 |
Operation for entropion, |
408 |
§ 334 |
Operation for ectropion, |
408 |
§ 335 |
Operation for calcified Meiboniian glands, |
410 |
§ 336 |
Operation for pterygium, |
410 |
§ 337 |
Operation for conjunctival abscess, |
411 |
§ 338 |
Removal of growth called @av@lç appearing at the nasal angle, |
411 |
§ 339 |
Operative treatment of trachoma, |
411 |
§ 340 |
Operation for staphylome, |
412 |
§ 341 |
Coloration of comeal spots, |
415 |
§ 342 |
Operation for hypopyon-keratitis, |
415 |
§ 343 |
Operation for hypochyma, respective to hypochysis and suffusio, |
416 |
§ 344 |
Operation for the displacement of the hard hypochyma, the modern keratonyxis and sclerotonyxis, |
417 |
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§ 345 |
Dismemberment of the cataractous lens, |
420 |
§ 346 |
Operative removai of hypochyma from the eyeball, |
421 |
§ 347 |
Survey of operations used on the tear organs, |
423 |
§ 348 |
Splitting of the acutely inflamed tear sac, |
424 |
§ 349 |
Splitting of the acutely inflamed tear sac followed by cauterization, |
424 |
§ 350 |
Splitting followed by curettage of the acutely inflamed tear sac with fistulization, |
424 |
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§ 351 |
Splitting followed by cauterization of the acutely inflamed fistulous tear sac, |
424 |
§ 352 |
Trepanation of the lacrimal or nasal bone or projection of the upperjaw, |
425 |
§ 353 |
Removal of the entire tear sac, |
425 |
§ 354 |
Excision of the fistulous part of the tear sac followed by cauterization, |
425 |
§ 355 |
Splitting of the vein at the bridge of the nose followed by cauterization of the area of the tear sac, |
425 |
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§ 356 |
Surgical treatment of the prevailing humors, the process causing eye diseases.(Indirect ophth@c surgery.) |
425 |
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§ 357 |
Hypospathismus, |
426 |
§ 358 |
Periscyphismus, |
426 |
§ 359 |
Arteriotomy, |
426 |
§ 360 |
Physical and mechanical ophthal@c therapy, |
426 |
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Glasses |
426 |
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Use of artificiel eyes |
426 |
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Massage |
426 |
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Fifth Section. Ancient ophthalmic instruments |
429 |
§ 361 |
Spatula, |
431 |
§ 362 |
Probe, |
432 |
§ 363 |
Knife, |
433 |
§ 364 |
Hook, |
434 |
§ 365 |
Forceps, |
435 |
§ 366 |
Lid scraper, |
436 |
§ 367 |
Tear sac tunnel, |
436 |
§ 368 |
Lactimal bone trepan, |
437 |
§ 369 |
Hypospathister, |
438 |
§ 370 |
Sharp spoon, |
438 |
§ 371 |
Staar needle, |
438 |
§ 372 |
Duster, |
439 |
§ 373 |
Buming iron, |
439 |
§ 374 |
Instruments for drawing blood, |
439 |
§ 375 |
Needles, |
440 |